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Notification of Award
22
2024-01
X射线衍射仪的基本构造
X射线衍射仪的形式多种多样,用途各异,但其基本构成很相似,为X射线衍射仪的基本构造原理图,主要部件包括4部分。 (1) 高稳定度X射线源 提供测量所需的X射线, 改变X射线管阳极靶材质可改变X射线的波长, 调节阳极电压可控制X射线源的强度。 (2) 样品及样品位置取向的调整机构系统 样品须是单晶、……
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22
2024-01
X射线衍射仪的原理
x射线的波长和晶体内部原子面之间的间距相近,晶体可以作为X射线的空间衍射光栅,即一束X射线照射到物体上时,受到物体中原子的散射,每个原子都产生散射波,这些波互相干涉,结果就产生衍射。衍射波叠加的结果使射线的强度在某些方向上加强,在其他方向上减弱。分析衍射结果,便可获得晶体结构。以上是1912年德国物理学家劳厄(M.von Laue)提出的一个重要科学预见,随即被实验所证实。1913年,英国物理学家布拉格父子(W.H.Bragg,W.L.Bragg)在劳厄发现的基础上,不仅成功的测定了NaCl,KCl等晶体
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